CSS 颜色
CSS 颜色
使用CSS时,您可以指定不同方式范围内的颜色。
我们可以使用预定义的颜色名称。或者我们可以为每个红色,绿色和蓝色组件使用十进制或十六进制值。
十进制值由逗号分隔,十六进制值为通常以#为前缀,如 #ffffff
,表示白色。
下表具有一些预定义的颜色名称及其十进制和十六进制等效值。
颜色名称 | 十六进制 | 十进制 |
---|---|---|
black | #000000 | 0,0,0 |
green | #008000 | 0,128,0 |
silver | #C0C0C0 | 192,192,192 |
lime | #00FF00 | 0,255,0 |
gray | #808080 | 128,128,128 |
olive | #808000 | 128,128,0 |
white | #FFFFFF | 255,255,255 |
yellow | #FFFF00 | 255,255,0 |
maroon | #800000 | 128,0,0 |
navy | #000080 | 0,0,128 |
red | #FF0000 | 255,0,0 |
blue | #0000FF | 0,0,255 |
purple | #800080 | 128,0,128 |
teal | #008080 | 0,128,128 |
aqua | #00FFFF | 0,255,255 |
这些被称为基本颜色名称。
下表显示了可以使用的扩展灰度阴影。
颜色名称 | 十六进制 | 十进制 |
---|---|---|
darkgray | #a9a9a9 | 169,169,169 |
darkslategray | #2f4f4f | 47,79,79 |
dimgray | #696969 | 105,105,105 |
gray | #808080 | 128,128,128 |
lightgray | #d3d3d3 | 211,211,211 |
lightslategray | #778899 | 119,136,153 |
slategray | #708090 | 112,128,144 |
RGB值简写
对红色,绿色和蓝色分量使用十六进制值。每对都是十六进制符号,范围为00 - FF。
十六进制值通常以#作为前缀,如#ffffff,表示白色。 “纯”蓝色将被写入#0000FF,“纯”红色被写入#FF0000。
#RGB
是上述六位数符号的较短形式。在此格式中,每个数字都被复制以获得等效的六位数值,例如#F7C变为#FF77CC。
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<style>
body {
background-color: yellow;
}
div#one {
width: 50px;
height: 50px;
border: 1px solid rgb(128, 128, 128);
margin: 5px;
float: left;
background-color: #000;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="one"></div>
</body>
</html>
颜色函数
颜色名称和简单的十六进制值不是您可以指定颜色的唯一方法。
有许多函数允许您选择颜色。
- rgb(r,g,b)使用RGB模型指定颜色。
示例:rgb(112,128,144) - rgba(r,g,b,a)使用RGB模型指定颜色,添加了alpha值以指定不透明度。 值为0是完全透明的; 值为1是完全不透明的。
示例:rgba(112,128,144,0.4) - hsl(h,s,l)使用色相,饱和度和亮度(HSL)模型指定颜色。
示例:hsl(120,100%,22%) - hsla(h,s,l,a)使用alpha值来指定不透明度。
示例:hsla(120,100%,22%,0.4)
rgb(rrr.rr%,ggg.gg%,bbb.bb%)
使用0%到100%范围内的RGB值,允许十进制值(例如75.5%)。因此,黑色的值将是rgb(0%,0%,0%),而蓝色将是rgb(0%,0%,100%)。
在 rgb(rrr,ggg,bbb)
中,接受的值范围是0-255。范围是十六进制的00-FF的十进制等效值。在此格式中,绿色将为rgb(0,255,0),白色将表示为rgb(255,255,255)。
下表列出了颜色名称,十六进制颜色值和rgb颜色值。
颜色 | HEXCOLOR | RGB颜色 |
---|---|---|
Black | #000000 | rgb(0,0,0) |
Red | #FF0000 | rgb(255,0,0) |
Green | #00FF00 | rgb(0,255,0) |
Blue | #0000FF | rgb(0,0,255) |
Yellow | #FFFF00 | rgb(255,255,0) |
Cyan | #00FFFF | rgb(0,255,255) |
Magenta | #FF00FF | rgb(255,0,255) |
Gray | #C0C0C0 | rgb(192,192,192) |
White | #FFFFFF | rgb(255,255,255) |
以下代码显示如何使用色彩函数。
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<body>
<p style="background-color:#C0C0C0">
Color set by using hex value
</p>
<p style="background-color:rgb(192,192,192)">
Color set by using rgb value
</p>
<p style="background-color:gray">
Color set by using color name
</p>
</body>
</html>
在上面的代码中,我们使用各种形式的颜色值来设置段落的背景颜色。
CSS3中的扩展颜色关键字
颜色 | 名称 | 十六进制 | RGB |
---|---|---|---|
aliceblue | #f0f8ff | 240,248,255 | |
antiquewhite | #faebd7 | 250,235,215 | |
aqua | #00ffff | 0,255,255 | |
aquamarine | #7fffd4 | 127,255,212 | |
azure | #f0ffff | 240,255,255 | |
beige | #f5f5dc | 245,245,220 | |
bisque | #ffe4c4 | 255,228,196 | |
black | #000000 | 0,0,0 | |
blanchedalmond | #ffebcd | 255,235,205 | |
blue | #0000ff | 0,0,255 | |
blueviolet | #8a2be2 | 138,43,226 | |
brown | #a52a2a | 165,42,42 | |
burlywood | #deb887 | 222,184,135 | |
cadetblue | #5f9ea0 | 95,158,160 | |
chartreuse | #7fff00 | 127,255,0 | |
chocolate | #d2691e | 210,105,30 | |
coral | #ff7f50 | 255,127,80 | |
cornflowerblue | #6495ed | 100,149,237 | |
cornsilk | #fff8dc | 255,248,220 | |
crimson | #dc143c | 220,20,60 | |
cyan | #00ffff | 0,255,255 | |
darkblue | #00008b | 0,0,139 | |
darkcyan | #008b8b | 0,139,139 | |
darkgoldenrod | #b8860b | 184,134,11 | |
darkgray | #a9a9a9 | 169,169,169 | |
darkgreen | #006400 | 0,100,0 | |
darkgrey | #a9a9a9 | 169,169,169 | |
darkkhaki | #bdb76b | 189,183,107 | |
darkmagenta | #8b008b | 139,0,139 | |
darkolivegreen | #556b2f | 85,107,47 | |
darkorange | #ff8c00 | 255,140,0 | |
darkorchid | #9932cc | 153,50,204 | |
darkred | #8b0000 | 139,0,0 | |
darksalmon | #e9967a | 233,150,122 | |
darkseagreen | #8fbc8f | 143,188,143 | |
darkslateblue | #483d8b | 72,61,139 | |
darkslategray | #2f4f4f | 47,79,79 | |
darkslategrey | #2f4f4f | 47,79,79 | |
darkturquoise | #00ced1 | 0,206,209 | |
darkviolet | #9400d3 | 148,0,211 | |
deeppink | #ff1493 | 255,20,147 | |
deepskyblue | #00bfff | 0,191,255 | |
dimgray | #696969 | 105,105,105 | |
dimgrey | #696969 | 105,105,105 | |
dodgerblue | #1e90ff | 30,144,255 | |
firebrick | #b22222 | 178,34,34 | |
floralwhite | #fffaf0 | 255,250,240 | |
forestgreen | #228b22 | 34,139,34 | |
fuchsia | #ff00ff | 255,0,255 | |
gainsboro | #dcdcdc | 220,220,220 | |
ghostwhite | #f8f8ff | 248,248,255 | |
gold | #ffd700 | 255,215,0 | |
goldenrod | #daa520 | 218,165,32 | |
gray | #808080 | 128,128,128 | |
green | #008000 | 0,128,0 | |
greenyellow | #adff2f | 173,255,47 | |
grey | #808080 | 128,128,128 | |
honeydew | #f0fff0 | 240,255,240 | |
hotpink | #ff69b4 | 255,105,180 | |
indianred | #cd5c5c | 205,92,92 | |
indigo | #4b0082 | 75,0,130 | |
ivory | #fffff0 | 255,255,240 | |
khaki | #f0e68c | 240,230,140 | |
lavender | #e6e6fa | 230,230,250 | |
lavenderblush | #fff0f5 | 255,240,245 | |
lawngreen | #7cfc00 | 124,252,0 | |
lemonchiffon | #fffacd | 255,250,205 | |
lightblue | #add8e6 | 173,216,230 | |
lightcoral | #f08080 | 240,128,128 | |
lightcyan | #e0ffff | 224,255,255 | |
lightgoldenrodyellow | #fafad2 | 250,250,210 | |
lightgray | #d3d3d3 | 211,211,211 | |
lightgreen | #90ee90 | 144,238,144 | |
lightgrey | #d3d3d3 | 211,211,211 | |
lightpink | #ffb6c1 | 255,182,193 | |
lightsalmon | #ffa07a | 255,160,122 | |
lightseagreen | #20b2aa | 32,178,170 | |
lightskyblue | #87cefa | 135,206,250 | |
lightslategray | #778899 | 119,136,153 | |
lightslategrey | #778899 | 119,136,153 | |
lightsteelblue | #b0c4de | 176,196,222 | |
lightyellow | #ffffe0 | 255,255,224 | |
lime | #00ff00 | 0,255,0 | |
limegreen | #32cd32 | 50,205,50 | |
linen | #faf0e6 | 250,240,230 | |
magenta | #ff00ff | 255,0,255 | |
maroon | #800000 | 128,0,0 | |
mediumaquamarine | #66cdaa | 102,205,170 | |
mediumblue | #0000cd | 0,0,205 | |
mediumorchid | #ba55d3 | 186,85,211 | |
mediumpurple | #9370db | 147,112,219 | |
mediumseagreen | #3cb371 | 60,179,113 | |
mediumslateblue | #7b68ee | 123,104,238 | |
mediumspringgreen | #00fa9a | 0,250,154 | |
mediumturquoise | #48d1cc | 72,209,204 | |
mediumvioletred | #c71585 | 199,21,133 | |
midnightblue | #191970 | 25,25,112 | |
mintcream | #f5fffa | 245,255,250 | |
mistyrose | #ffe4e1 | 255,228,225 | |
moccasin | #ffe4b5 | 255,228,181 | |
navajowhite | #ffdead | 255,222,173 | |
navy | #000080 | 0,0,128 | |
oldlace | #fdf5e6 | 253,245,230 | |
olive | #808000 | 128,128,0 | |
olivedrab | #6b8e23 | 107,142,35 | |
orange | #ffa500 | 255,165,0 | |
orangered | #ff4500 | 255,69,0 | |
orchid | #da70d6 | 218,112,214 | |
palegoldenrod | #eee8aa | 238,232,170 | |
palegreen | #98fb98 | 152,251,152 | |
paleturquoise | #afeeee | 175,238,238 | |
palevioletred | #db7093 | 219,112,147 | |
papayawhip | #ffefd5 | 255,239,213 | |
peachpuff | #ffdab9 | 255,218,185 | |
peru | #cd853f | 205,133,63 | |
pink | #ffc0cb | 255,192,203 | |
plum | #dda0dd | 221,160,221 | |
powderblue | #b0e0e6 | 176,224,230 | |
purple | #800080 | 128,0,128 | |
red | #ff0000 | 255,0,0 | |
rosybrown | #bc8f8f | 188,143,143 | |
royalblue | #4169e1 | 65,105,225 | |
saddlebrown | #8b4513 | 139,69,19 | |
salmon | #fa8072 | 250,128,114 | |
sandybrown | #f4a460 | 244,164,96 | |
seagreen | #2e8b57 | 46,139,87 | |
seashell | #fff5ee | 255,245,238 | |
sienna | #a0522d | 160,82,45 | |
silver | #c0c0c0 | 192,192,192 | |
skyblue | #87ceeb | 135,206,235 | |
slateblue | #6a5acd | 106,90,205 | |
slategray | #708090 | 112,128,144 | |
slategrey | #708090 | 112,128,144 | |
snow | #fffafa | 255,250,250 | |
springgreen | #00ff7f | 0,255,127 | |
steelblue | #4682b4 | 70,130,180 | |
tan | #d2b48c | 210,180,140 | |
teal | #008080 | 0,128,128 | |
thistle | #d8bfd8 | 216,191,216 | |
tomato | #ff6347 | 255,99,71 | |
turquoise | #40e0d0 | 64,224,208 | |
violet | #ee82ee | 238,130,238 | |
wheat | #f5deb3 | 245,222,179 | |
white | #ffffff | 255,255,255 | |
whitesmoke | #f5f5f5 | 245,245,245 | |
yellow | #ffff00 | 255,255,0 | |
yellowgreen | #9acd32 | 154,205,50 |
例子
以下代码显示如何使用颜色名称及其相应的RGB值和十六进制等效值。
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<title>Named colors in CSS</title>
<style type="text/css">
table {
border-spacing: 2em 1em;
margin:25px auto;
}
caption {
font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;
font-weight:bold;
font-size:20px;
}
td {
border: #000 solid 1px;
text-align:center;
padding:10px;
font-family:Tahoma, Geneva, sans-serif;
font-size:14px;
font-weight:bold;
color:#FFF;
width:7em;
white-space: pre;
}
#aqua {
background-color:aqua;
}
#black {
background-color:black;
}
#blue {
background-color:blue;
}
#fuchsia {
background-color:fuchsia;
}
#gray {
background-color:gray;
}
#green {
background-color:green;
}
#lime {
background-color:lime;
}
#maroon {
background-color:maroon;
}
#navy {
background-color:navy;
}
#olive {
background-color:olive;
}
#purple {
background-color:purple;
}
#red {
background-color:red;
}
#silver {
background-color:silver;
}
#teal {
background-color:teal;
}
#white {
background-color:white;
}
#yellow {
background-color:yellow;
}
#aqua, #fuchsia, #lime, #red, #silver, #white, #yellow {
color:black;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<caption>
Basic Color Keywords
</caption>
<tr>
<td id="aqua">aqua
#00FFFF
0, 255, 255</td>
<td id="black">black
#000000
0, 0, 0</td>
<td id="blue">blue
#0000FF
0, 0, 255</td>
<td id="fuchsia">fuchsia
#FF00FF
255, 0, 255</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td id="gray">gray
#808080
128, 128, 128</td>
<td id="green">green
#008000
0, 128, 0</td>
<td id="lime">lime
#00FF00
0, 255, 0</td>
<td id="maroon">maroon
#800000
128, 0, 0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td id="navy">navy
#000080
0, 0, 128</td>
<td id="olive">olive
#808000
128, 128, 0</td>
<td id="purple">purple
#800080
128, 0, 128</td>
<td id="red">red
#FF0000
255, 0, 0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td id="silver">silver
#C0C0C0
192, 192, 192</td>
<td id="teal">teal
#008080
0, 128, 128</td>
<td id="white">white
#FFFFFF
255, 255, 255</td>
<td id="yellow">yellow
#FFFF00
255, 255, 0</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
上面的代码呈现如下:
更多建议: