Bootstrap 表单
2018-03-03 16:34 更新
在本教程中,我们将学习如何使用Bootstrap创建精致的表单。
Bootstrap提供三种不同类型的表单布局:
- 垂直表单(默认表单布局)
- 水平表单
- 内联表单
垂直表单布局
垂直表单布局中的表单控件在顶部以左对齐标签堆叠。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.1/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css">
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<style type="text/css">
.bs-example{
margin: 20px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="bs-example">
<form>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="inputEmail">Email</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="inputEmail" placeholder="Email">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="inputPassword">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword" placeholder="Password">
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label><input type="checkbox"> Remember me</label>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Login</button>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Bootstrap将设置文本元素,如<input>,<textarea>和<select>,类.form-control的默认宽度为100%。
对于每个标签和输入字段,我们需要一个 form-group
分类的div元素。
将类 form-control
附加到输入元素将使其成为全角元素。
例子
让我们创建一个输入字段,以询问访问者的名字:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<script type="text/javascript"
src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.10.1.min.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css">
<script
src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script
src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
$(".myDropdownHandle").dropdown("toggle");
});
</script>
</head>
<body style="margin:30px">
<form class="form">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="nameField">Name</label>
<input type="text"
class="form-control"
id="nameField"
placeholder="Your Name"/>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
表单按钮
我们用电子邮件、电话号码和textarea字段填写表单,最后是提交按钮。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<script type="text/javascript"
src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.10.1.min.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css">
<script
src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script
src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
$(".myDropdownHandle").dropdown("toggle");
});
</script>
</head>
<body style="margin:30px">
<form class="form">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="nameField">Name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="nameField" placeholder="Your Name" />
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="emailField">Email</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="emailField" placeholder="Your Email" />
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="phoneField">Phone</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="phoneField" placeholder="Your Phone Number" />
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="descField">Description</label>
<textarea class="form-control" id="descField" placeholder=" Your Comments"></textarea>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
<button type="reset" class="btn btn-default">Reset</button>
</form>
</body>
</html>
水平表单
在水平表单布局中,标签右对齐并向左浮动,使它们与表单控件显示在同一行上。在<form>元素中我们需要.form-horizontal类。
在<div>元素中封装标签和表单控件,并应用类.form-group。
使用Bootstrap的网格类来对齐标签和表单控件。
将类.control-label添加到<label>元素。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<script type="text/javascript"
src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.10.1.min.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css">
<script
src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script
src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
$(".myDropdownHandle").dropdown("toggle");
});
</script>
</head>
<body style="margin:30px">
<form class="form-horizontal">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="nameField" class="col-xs-2">Name</label>
<div class="col-xs-10">
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="nameField" placeholder="Your Name" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="emailField" class="col-xs-2">Email</label>
<div class="col-xs-10">
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="emailField" placeholder="Your Email" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="phoneField" class="col-xs-2">Phone</label>
<div class="col-xs-10">
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="phoneField" placeholder="Your Phone Number" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="descField" class="col-xs-2">Description</label>
<div class="col-xs-10">
<textarea class="form-control" id="descField" placeholder="Your Comments"></textarea>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-xs-10 col-xs-offset-2">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit </button>
<button type="reset" class="btn btn-default">Reset</button>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
内联表单
我们可以创建元素存在于一行中的表单。
使用 form-inline
使表单元素内联。
内联表单的标记如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<script type="text/javascript"
src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.10.1.min.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css">
<script
src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script
src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.2.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
$(".myDropdownHandle").dropdown("toggle");
});
</script>
</head>
<body style="margin:30px">
<div class="well well-sm">
<form class="form-inline">
<div class="form-group">
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="emailField" placeholder="Enter email">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="passwordField" placeholder="Password">
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label><input type="checkbox"> Remember me</label>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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