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Bootstrap 表格

2022-05-21 15:17 更新

Bootstrap 表格

本节学习如何通过Bootstrap创建表格，在此之前，你可以先了解在HTML表格是如何创建的！

Bootstrap 提供了一个清晰的创建表格的布局。下表列出了 Bootstrap 支持的一些表格元素：

标签	描述
<table>	为表格添加基础样式。
<thead>	表格标题行的容器元素（<tr>），用来标识表格列。
<tbody>	表格主体中的表格行的容器元素（<tr>）。
<tr>	一组出现在单行上的表格单元格的容器元素（<td> 或 <th>）。
<td>	默认的表格单元格。
<th>	特殊的表格单元格，用来标识列或行（取决于范围和位置）。必须在 <thead> 内使用。
<caption>	关于表格存储内容的描述或总结。

表格类

下表样式可用于表格中：

类	描述	实例
.table	为任意 <table> 添加基本样式 (只有横向分隔线)	尝试一下
.table-striped	在 <tbody> 内添加斑马线形式的条纹 ( IE8 不支持)	尝试一下
.table-bordered	为所有表格的单元格添加边框	尝试一下
.table-hover	在 <tbody> 内的任一行启用鼠标悬停状态	尝试一下
.table-condensed	让表格更加紧凑	尝试一下
联合使用所有表格类		尝试一下

<tr>, <th> 和 <td> 类

下表的类可用于表格的行或者单元格：

类	描述	实例
.active	将悬停的颜色应用在行或者单元格上	尝试一下
.success	表示成功的操作	尝试一下
.info	表示信息变化的操作	尝试一下
.warning	表示一个警告的操作	尝试一下
.danger	表示一个危险的操作	尝试一下

基本的表格

如果您想要一个只带有内边距（padding）和水平分割的基本表，请添加 class .table，如下面实例所示：

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 基本的表格</title>
   <link href="//cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
   <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
   <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/js/bootstrap.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script></head><body><table class="table">
   <caption>基本的表格布局</caption>
   <thead>
      <tr>
         <th>名称</th>
         <th>城市</th>
      </tr>
   </thead>
   <tbody>
      <tr>
         <td>Tanmay</td>
         <td>Bangalore</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
         <td>Sachin</td>
         <td>Mumbai</td>
      </tr>
   </tbody></table></body></html>

结果如下所示：

可选的表格类

除了基本的表格标记和 .table class，还有一些可以用来为标记定义样式的类。下面将向您介绍这些类。

条纹表格

通过添加 .table-striped class，您将在 <tbody> 内的行上看到条纹，如下面的实例所示：

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 条纹表格</title>
   <link href="//cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
   <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
   <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/js/bootstrap.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script></head><body><table class="table table-striped">
   <caption>条纹表格布局</caption>
   <thead>
      <tr>
         <th>名称</th>
         <th>城市</th>
         <th>密码</th>
      </tr>
   </thead>
   <tbody>
      <tr>
         <td>Tanmay</td>
         <td>Bangalore</td>
         <td>560001</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
         <td>Sachin</td>
         <td>Mumbai</td>
         <td>400003</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
         <td>Uma</td>
         <td>Pune</td>
         <td>411027</td>
      </tr>
   </tbody></table></body></html>

结果如下所示：

边框表格

通过添加 .table-bordered class，您将看到每个元素周围都有边框，且占整个表格是圆角的，如下面的实例所示：

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 边框表格</title>
   <link href="//cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
   <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
   <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/js/bootstrap.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script></head><body><table class="table table-bordered">
   <caption>边框表格布局</caption>
   <thead>
      <tr>
         <th>名称</th>
         <th>城市</th>
         <th>密码</th>
      </tr>
   </thead>
   <tbody>
      <tr>
         <td>Tanmay</td>
         <td>Bangalore</td>
         <td>560001</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
         <td>Sachin</td>
         <td>Mumbai</td>
         <td>400003</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
         <td>Uma</td>
         <td>Pune</td>
         <td>411027</td>
      </tr>
   </tbody></table></body></html>

结果如下所示：

悬停表格

通过添加 .table-hover class，当指针悬停在行上时会出现浅灰色背景，如下面的实例所示：

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 悬停表格</title>
   <link href="//cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
   <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
   <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/js/bootstrap.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script></head><body><table class="table table-hover">
   <caption>悬停表格布局</caption>
   <thead>
      <tr>
         <th>名称</th>
         <th>城市</th>
         <th>密码</th>
      </tr>
   </thead>
   <tbody>
      <tr>
         <td>Tanmay</td>
         <td>Bangalore</td>
         <td>560001</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
         <td>Sachin</td>
         <td>Mumbai</td>
         <td>400003</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
         <td>Uma</td>
         <td>Pune</td>
         <td>411027</td>
      </tr>
   </tbody></table></body></html>

结果如下所示：

精简表格

通过添加 .table-condensed class，行内边距（padding）被切为两半，以便让表看起来更紧凑，如下面的实例所示。这在想让信息看起来更紧凑时非常有用。

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 精简表格</title>
   <link href="//cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
   <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
   <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/js/bootstrap.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script></head><body><table class="table table-condensed">
   <caption>精简表格布局</caption>
   <thead>
      <tr>
         <th>名称</th>
         <th>城市</th>
         <th>密码</th>
      </tr>
   </thead>
   <tbody>
      <tr>
         <td>Tanmay</td>
         <td>Bangalore</td>
         <td>560001</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
         <td>Sachin</td>
         <td>Mumbai</td>
         <td>400003</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
         <td>Uma</td>
         <td>Pune</td>
         <td>411027</td>
      </tr>
   </tbody></table></body></html>

结果如下所示：

上下文类

下表中所列出的上下文类允许您改变表格行或单个单元格的背景颜色。

类	描述
.active	对某一特定的行或单元格应用悬停颜色
.success	表示一个成功的或积极的动作
.warning	表示一个需要注意的警告
.danger	表示一个危险的或潜在的负面动作

这些类可被应用到 <tr>、<td> 或 <th>。

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 上下文类</title>
   <link href="//cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
   <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
   <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/js/bootstrap.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script></head><body><table class="table">
   <caption>上下文表格布局</caption>
   <thead>
      <tr>
         <th>产品</th>
         <th>付款日期</th>
         <th>状态</th>
      </tr>
   </thead>
   <tbody>
      <tr class="active">
         <td>产品1</td>
         <td>23/11/2013</td>
         <td>待发货</td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="success">
         <td>产品2</td>
         <td>10/11/2013</td>
         <td>发货中</td>
      </tr>
      <tr  class="warning">
         <td>产品3</td>
         <td>20/10/2013</td>
         <td>待确认</td>
      </tr>
      <tr  class="danger">
         <td>产品4</td>
         <td>20/10/2013</td>
         <td>已退货</td>
      </tr>
   </tbody></table></body></html>

结果如下所示：

响应式表格

通过把任意的 .table 包在 .table-responsive class 内，您可以让表格水平滚动以适应小型设备（小于 768px）。当在大于 768px 宽的大型设备上查看时，您将看不到任何的差别。

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 响应式表格</title>
   <link href="//cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
   <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
   <script src="//cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/js/bootstrap.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script></head><body><div class="table-responsive">
   <table class="table">
      <caption>响应式表格布局</caption>
      <thead>
         <tr>
            <th>产品</th>
            <th>付款日期</th>
            <th>状态</th>
         </tr>
      </thead>
      <tbody>
         <tr>
            <td>产品1</td>
            <td>23/11/2013</td>
            <td>待发货</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td>产品2</td>
            <td>10/11/2013</td>
            <td>发货中</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td>产品3</td>
            <td>20/10/2013</td>
            <td>待确认</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td>产品4</td>
            <td>20/10/2013</td>
            <td>已退货</td>
         </tr>
      </tbody>
   </table></div>  	</body></html>

结果如下所示：

扩展阅读

《Boostrap参考手册》：Bootstrap表格和列表

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Bootstrap 表格

Bootstrap 表格

表格类

<tr>, <th> 和 <td> 类

基本的表格

可选的表格类

条纹表格

边框表格

悬停表格

精简表格

上下文类

响应式表格

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