Bootstrap5中文教程
Bootstrap5中文教程
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Bootstrap5 模态框

2023-06-28 15:19 更新

模态框（Modal）是覆盖在父窗体上的子窗体。通常，目的是显示来自一个单独的源的内容，可以在不离开父窗体的情况下有一些互动。子窗体可提供信息交互等。

如何创建模态框

以下实例创建了一个简单的模态框效果 ：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h3>模态框实例</h3>
  <p>点击按钮打开模态框</p>
  
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#myModal">
    打开模态框
  </button>
</div>

<!-- 模态框 -->
<div class="modal" id="myModal">
  <div class="modal-dialog">
    <div class="modal-content">

      <!-- 模态框头部 -->
      <div class="modal-header">
        <h4 class="modal-title">模态框标题</h4>
        <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal"></button>
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框内容 -->
      <div class="modal-body">
        模态框内容..
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框底部 -->
      <div class="modal-footer">
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-bs-dismiss="modal">关闭</button>
      </div>

    </div>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

添加动画

使用 .fade 类可以设置模态框弹出或关闭的效果:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h3>模态框实例</h3>
  <p>点击按钮打开模态框</p>
  
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#myModal">
    打开模态框
  </button>
</div>

<!-- 模态框 -->
<div class="modal fade" id="myModal">
  <div class="modal-dialog">
    <div class="modal-content">

      <!-- 模态框头部 -->
      <div class="modal-header">
        <h4 class="modal-title">模态框标题</h4>
        <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal"></button>
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框内容 -->
      <div class="modal-body">
        模态框内容..
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框底部 -->
      <div class="modal-footer">
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-bs-dismiss="modal">关闭</button>
      </div>

    </div>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

模态框尺寸

我们可以通过添加 .modal-sm 类来创建一个小模态框，.modal-lg 类可以创建一个大模态框。

尺寸类放在 <div>元素的 .modal-dialog 类后 :

小模态框

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h3>模态框实例</h3>
  <p>点击按钮打开模态框</p>
  
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#myModal">
    打开模态框
  </button>
</div>

<!-- 模态框 -->
<div class="modal fade" id="myModal">
  <div class="modal-dialog modal-sm">
    <div class="modal-content">

      <!-- 模态框头部 -->
      <div class="modal-header">
        <h4 class="modal-title">模态框标题</h4>
        <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal"></button>
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框内容 -->
      <div class="modal-body">
        模态框内容..
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框底部 -->
      <div class="modal-footer">
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-bs-dismiss="modal">关闭</button>
      </div>

    </div>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

大模态框

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h3>模态框实例</h3>
  <p>点击按钮打开模态框</p>
  
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#myModal">
    打开模态框
  </button>
</div>

<!-- 模态框 -->
<div class="modal fade" id="myModal">
  <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">
    <div class="modal-content">

      <!-- 模态框头部 -->
      <div class="modal-header">
        <h4 class="modal-title">模态框标题</h4>
        <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal"></button>
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框内容 -->
      <div class="modal-body">
        模态框内容..
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框底部 -->
      <div class="modal-footer">
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-bs-dismiss="modal">关闭</button>
      </div>

    </div>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

 超大模态框

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h3>模态框实例</h3>
  <p>点击按钮打开模态框</p>
  
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#myModal">
    打开模态框
  </button>
</div>

<!-- 模态框 -->
<div class="modal fade" id="myModal">
  <div class="modal-dialog modal-xl">
    <div class="modal-content">

      <!-- 模态框头部 -->
      <div class="modal-header">
        <h4 class="modal-title">模态框标题</h4>
        <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal"></button>
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框内容 -->
      <div class="modal-body">
        模态框内容..
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框底部 -->
      <div class="modal-footer">
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-bs-dismiss="modal">关闭</button>
      </div>

    </div>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

全屏幕显示

使用 .modal-fullscreen 类可以让模态框全屏幕显示:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h3>模态框实例</h3>
  <p>点击按钮打开模态框</p>
  
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#myModal">
    打开模态框
  </button>
</div>

<!-- 模态框 -->
<div class="modal fade" id="myModal">
  <div class="modal-dialog modal-fullscreen">
    <div class="modal-content">

      <!-- 模态框头部 -->
      <div class="modal-header">
        <h4 class="modal-title">模态框标题</h4>
        <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal"></button>
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框内容 -->
      <div class="modal-body">
        模态框内容..
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框底部 -->
      <div class="modal-footer">
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-bs-dismiss="modal">关闭</button>
      </div>

    </div>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

使用 .modal-fullscreen-*-* 类可以控制在什么尺寸下全屏幕显示:

类 描述
.modal-fullscreen-sm-down 576px 以下尺寸全屏幕显示
.modal-fullscreen-md-down 768px 以下尺寸全屏幕显示
.modal-fullscreen-lg-down 992px 以下尺寸全屏幕显示
.modal-fullscreen-xl-down 1200px 以下尺寸全屏幕显示
.modal-fullscreen-xxl-down 1400px 以下尺寸全屏幕显示

模态框居中显示

使用 .modal-dialog-centered 类可以设置模态框水平和垂直方向都居中显示:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap Example</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.1.1/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.1.1/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h3>水平和垂直方向都居中显示</h3>
  <p>点击按钮打开模态框</p>
  
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#myModal">
    打开模态框
  </button>
</div>
 
<!-- 模态框 -->
<div class="modal" id="myModal">
  <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered">
    <div class="modal-content">
 
      <!-- 模态框头部 -->
      <div class="modal-header">
        <h4 class="modal-title">模态框标题</h4>
        <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal"></button>
      </div>
 
      <!-- 模态框内容 -->
      <div class="modal-body">
        模态框内容..
      </div>
 
      <!-- 模态框底部 -->
      <div class="modal-footer">
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-bs-dismiss="modal">关闭</button>
      </div>
 
    </div>
  </div>
</div>


</body>
</html>

模态框滚动条

默认情况下模态框如果包含很多内容，页面会自动生成一个滚动，模态框随着页面的滚动而滚动:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h3>模态框滚动条实例</h3>
  <p>点击按钮打开模态框</p>
  
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#myModal">
    打开模态框
  </button>
</div>

<!-- 模态框 -->
<div class="modal" id="myModal">
  <div class="modal-dialog">
    <div class="modal-content">

      <!-- 模态框头部 -->
      <div class="modal-header">
        <h4 class="modal-title">模态框标题</h4>
        <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal"></button>
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框内容 -->
      <div class="modal-body">
        模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框底部 -->
      <div class="modal-footer">
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-bs-dismiss="modal">关闭</button>
      </div>

    </div>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

如果我们只想在模态框里头设置一个滚动条，可以使用 .modal-dialog-scrollable 类：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Bootstrap5 实例</title>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="external nofollow" target="_blank"  rel="stylesheet">
  <script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/5.1.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow" ></script>
</head>
<body>

<div class="container mt-3">
  <h3>模态框滚动条实例</h3>
  <p>点击按钮打开模态框</p>
  
  <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-bs-toggle="modal" data-bs-target="#myModal">
    打开模态框
  </button>
</div>

<!-- 模态框 -->
<div class="modal" id="myModal">
  <div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-scrollable">
    <div class="modal-content">

      <!-- 模态框头部 -->
      <div class="modal-header">
        <h4 class="modal-title">模态框标题</h4>
        <button type="button" class="btn-close" data-bs-dismiss="modal"></button>
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框内容 -->
      <div class="modal-body">
        模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
		模态框内容..<br />
      </div>

      <!-- 模态框底部 -->
      <div class="modal-footer">
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" data-bs-dismiss="modal">关闭</button>
      </div>

    </div>
  </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>
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